Benzodiazepines, often abbreviated as "benzos," are a class of psychoactive drugs that work on the central nervous system. They are primarily used to treat conditions related to anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms.

These medications enhance the effect of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning it reduces the activity of nerve cells in the brain, leading to a calming effect.


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Some commonly known benzodiazepines include:

Diazepam (Valium): Used for anxiety, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal.

Alprazolam (Xanax): Prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorders.

Lorazepam (Ativan): Used for anxiety, as well as for preoperative sedation and to treat seizures.

Clonazepam (Klonopin): Primarily used for treating epilepsy, panic disorder, and some movement disorders.